Dingbo Xu has served as our independent director since May 2018. Professor Xu has served as a faculty member and professor in highly-respected universities for more than two decades. He is currently Essilor Chair Professor in Accounting and an Associate Dean at China Europe International Business School (CEIBS). Before joining CEIBS in 2004, he was an assistant professor of accounting at the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology from 1996 to 2003. In addition to his academic positions, Professor Xu is the vice-president of China Association of Chief Financial Officers, the executive director of the editorial board of China Management Accounting Review and the founding chairman of Charted Global Management Accountant (CGMA) 100 North Asia Leaders Think Tank. Professor Xu has also contributed his knowledge and expertise to the board of directors of several public companies. Apart from JD.com, Professor Xu currently serves on the board of China Trust Protection Fund Co., Ltd. From September 2009 to April 2018, Professor Xu was a board member as an independent director of The People's Insurance Company (Group) of China Limited (PICC), a company listed on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange; from December 2012 to February 2019, he was an independent director of Shanghai Shyndec Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., a company listed on the Shanghai Stock Exchange; from January 2013 to August 2019, he was an independent director of SANY Heavy Industry, a company listed on the Shanghai Stock Exchange; from June 2013 to September 2019, he was an independent director of China Cinda Asset Management Co. Ltd., a company listed on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange; from September 2016 to September 2022, he was an independent director of Kweichow Moutai Company Limited, a company listed on the Shanghai Stock Exchange, and from December 2015 to March 2023, he was an independent director of Societe Generale (China) Ltd. Professor Xu received his Ph.D. in accounting from the University of Minnesota, as well as a master's degree in management and a bachelor's degree in mathematics, both from Wuhan University.